Akwụkwọ a na-ewebata ịgba ịgbado ọkụ usoro nke iko kalama nwere ike ebu si atọ akụkụ
Akụkụ mbụ: usoro ịgbado ọkụ nke karama na ike iko ebu, gụnyere ịgbado ọkụ ntuziaka, ịgbado ọkụ plasma, ịgbado ọkụ laser, wdg.
Usoro a na-ahụkarị nke ịgbado ọkụ nke ebu - plasma spray welding, emela ọganihu ọhụrụ na mba ofesi n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, yana nkwalite teknụzụ yana ọrụ kwalitere nke ọma, nke a na-akpọkarị "micro plasma spray welding".
Igwe ịgbado ọkụ nke micro plasma nwere ike inyere ụlọ ọrụ na-akpụzi aka belata itinye ego na ụgwọ ịzụrụ ihe, mmezi ogologo oge na ihe oriri na-eji akwụ ụgwọ, yana akụrụngwa nwere ike ịgbasa ụdị ọrụ dị iche iche.Naanị dochie ịgbado ọkụ isi ọkụ nwere ike izute mkpa ịgbado ọkụ dị iche iche workpieces.
2.1 Gịnị bụ kpọmkwem pụtara "nickel dabeere alloy solder ntụ ntụ"
Ọ bụ nghọtahie na-ewere "nickel" dị ka ihe mkpuchi, n'ezie, nickel dabeere alloy solder ntụ ntụ bụ alloy mejupụtara nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), boron (B) na silicon (Si).Ihe e ji mara alloy a bụ ebe mgbaze dị ala, sitere na 1,020 ° C ruo 1,050 Celsius.
Isi ihe na-eduga n'iji nickel Alloy solder powders (nickel, chromium, boron, silicon) eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe dị ka ihe mkpuchi n'ahịa niile bụ na ntụ ntụ ntụ ntụ ntụ ntụ ntụ nke nwere nha nha dị iche iche akwalitewo ike n'ahịa ahụ. .Ọzọkwa, a na-edobe alloys ndị dabeere na nickel n'ụzọ dị mfe site na oxy-fuel gas welding (OFW) site n'oge mbụ ha n'ihi ebe mgbaze ha dị ala, ịdị nro, na ịdị mfe nke njikwa n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri weld.
Oxygen Fuel Gas Welding (OFW) mejupụtara abụọ dị iche iche nkebi: nke mbụ ogbo, na-akpọ deposition ogbo, nke ịgbado ọkụ ntụ ntụ agbaze na rube isi na workpiece elu;Agbazere maka compaction na belata porosity.
A ghaghị iweta eziokwu ahụ na a na-enweta ihe a na-akpọ remelting site na ọdịiche dị n'agbata mgbaze dị n'etiti metal base na nickel alloy, nke nwere ike ịbụ ihe nkedo ferritic nke nwere ebe mgbaze nke 1,350 ruo 1,400 ° C ma ọ bụ agbaze. ebe 1,370 ruo 1,500C nke C40 carbon steel (UNI 7845-78).Ọ bụ ihe dị iche na ebe mgbaze na-eme ka a hụ na nickel, chromium, boron, na silicon alloys agaghị eme ka mgbaze nke metal dị ala mgbe ha nọ na okpomọkụ nke ọkwa mgbaze.
Agbanyeghị, enwere ike nweta ntinye ego nickel alloy site na idobe eriri waya siri ike na-enweghị mkpa maka usoro mgbaze: nke a chọrọ enyemaka nke ịgbado ọkụ plasma arc ebugharị (PTA).
2.2 Alloy solder ntụ ntụ nke sitere na nickel eji maka cladding punch / isi na ụlọ ọrụ iko karama
N'ihi ihe ndị a, ụlọ ọrụ ugegbe ahọrọla alloys dabere na nickel maka mkpuchi siri ike n'elu ọkpọ ọkpọ.Enwere ike nweta ntinye nke alloys dabere na nickel ma ọ bụ site na ịgbado ọkụ oxy-fuel gas (OFW) ma ọ bụ site na spraying ire ọkụ (HVOF), ebe enwere ike nweta usoro mgbaze site na induction kpo oku sistemu ma ọ bụ oxy-fuel gas ịgbado ọkụ (OFW) ọzọ. .Ọzọ, ọdịiche dị na ebe mgbaze dị n'etiti ígwè isi na nickel alloy bụ ihe kacha mkpa dị mkpa, ma ọ bụghị ya, mkpuchi agaghị ekwe omume.
Enwere ike nweta nickel, chromium, boron, silicon alloys site na iji Plasma Transfer Arc Technology (PTA), dị ka Plasma Welding (PTAW), ma ọ bụ Tungsten Inert Gas Welding (GTAW), ma ọ bụrụhaala na onye ahịa nwere ogbako maka nkwadebe gas inert.
Isi ike nke alloys dabere na nickel na-adịgasị iche dịka ihe achọrọ maka ọrụ, mana ọ na-adịkarị n'etiti 30 HRC na 60 HRC.
2.3 N'ebe okpomọkụ dị elu, nrụgide nke alloys dabeere na nickel dị ntakịrị
Isi ike a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu na-ezo aka na ike na okpomọkụ ụlọ.Otú ọ dị, n'ebe ndị na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ dị elu, ike nke alloys dabeere na nickel na-ebelata.
Dị ka egosiri n'elu, ọ bụ ezie na ike nke alloys dabeere na cobalt dị ala karịa nke nickel-based alloys na ọnụ ụlọ okpomọkụ, ike nke cobalt dabeere na alloys dị ike karịa nke nickel na-arụ ọrụ na okpomọkụ (dị ka ebu na-arụ ọrụ). okpomọkụ).
Eserese na-esonụ na-egosi mgbanwe nke ike siri ike nke powders alloy dị iche iche na-abawanye okpomọkụ:
2.4 Gịnị bụ kpọmkwem pụtara "cobalt dabeere alloy solder ntụ ntụ"?
N'ịtụle cobalt dị ka ihe mkpuchi, ọ bụ n'ezie alloy mejupụtara cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), tungsten (W), ma ọ bụ cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), na molybdenum (Mo).A na-akpọkarị "Stellite" solder powder, cobalt based alloys nwere carbide na borides na-etolite ike nke ha.Ụfọdụ alloys dabere na cobalt nwere 2.5% carbon.Akụkụ bụ isi nke alloys sitere na cobalt bụ ike siri ike ha ọbụlagodi na oke okpomọkụ.
2.5 Nsogbu zutere n'oge nkwụnye nke cobalt dabeere alloys na ntụmadị / isi elu:
Nsogbu bụ isi na ntinye nke cobalt dabeere alloys metụtara nnukwu agbaze ha.N'ezie, ebe mgbaze nke cobalt dabeere alloys bụ 1,375 ~ 1,400 Celsius C, nke fọrọ nke nta ka agbaze ebe nke carbon ígwè na nkedo ígwè.N'echiche, ọ bụrụ na anyị ga-eji oxy-fuel gas ịgbado ọkụ (OFW) ma ọ bụ hypersonic ire ọkụ spraying (HVOF), mgbe ahụ n'oge "na-agbaze" ogbo, isi metal ga-agbazekwa.
Naanị nhọrọ dị mma maka itinye ntụ ntụ dabere na cobalt na ntụmadị/isi bụ: Plasma Arc (PTA) ebugharị.
2.6 Banyere jụrụ oyi
Dị ka akọwara n'elu, iji Oxygen Fuel Gas Welding (OFW) na Hypersonic Flame Spray (HVOF) Filiks pụtara na a na-agbaze oyi akwa ntụ ntụ n'otu oge ma na-arapara n'ahụ.N'ọkwa mgbaze na-esote, a na-ejikọta bead weld linear ma mejupụta pores.
Enwere ike ịhụ na njikọ dị n'etiti ala metal ala na mkpuchi mkpuchi zuru oke na enweghị nkwụsị.The punches na ule bụ na otu (karama) mmepụta ahịrị, ọkpọ na-eji oxy-fuel gas ịgbado ọkụ (OFW) ma ọ bụ supersonic ire ọkụ spraying (HVOF), punches na-eji plasma zigara arc (PTA), gosiri na otu N'okpuru jụrụ ikuku mgbali. , Plasma transfer arc (PTA) Punch na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ bụ 100 ° C ala.
2.7 Banyere igwe
Machining bụ usoro dị oke mkpa na mmepụta punch / isi.Dị ka e gosiri n'elu, ọ bụ ihe na-adịghị mma itinye solder ntụ ntụ (na punches/cores) na ike mbelata nke ukwuu na okpomọkụ dị elu.Otu n'ime ihe kpatara ya bụ maka igwe;machining on 60HRC hardness alloy solder powder bụ nnọọ ihe siri ike, na-amanye ndị ahịa ịhọrọ naanị ala parampat mgbe mwube mbịne ngwá ọrụ parameters (mgbanwe ngwá ọrụ ọsọ, ndepụta ọsọ, omimi ...).Iji otu ịgba ịgbado ọkụ usoro na 45HRC alloy ntụ ntụ bụ budata mfe;A pụkwara ịtọ parampat ngwá ọrụ ntụgharị dị elu, na machining n'onwe ya ga-adị mfe iji wuchaa.
2.8 Banyere ịdị arọ nke solder ntụ ntụ
Usoro nke oxy-fuel gas ịgbado ọkụ (OFW) na supersonic ire ọkụ spraying (HVOF) nwere nnọọ elu ntụ ntụ ọnwụ udu, nke nwere ike dị elu dị ka 70% na adhering na cladding ihe na workpiece.Ọ bụrụ na ịgbado ọkụ na-agbado isi na-achọ gram 30 nke ntụ ntụ, nke a pụtara na egbe ịgbado ọkụ ga-efesa gram 100 nke ntụ ntụ.
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọnụego mfu ntụ ntụ nke teknụzụ ebufere arc (PTA) dị ihe dịka 3% ruo 5%.Maka otu isi ihe na-afụ ọkụ, egbe ịgbado ọkụ kwesịrị ịgba gram 32 nke ntụ ntụ.
2.9 Banyere oge nkwụnye ego
Oxy-fuel gas ịgbado ọkụ (OFW) na supersonic ọkụ spraying (HVOF) oge nkwụnye ego bụ otu.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ntinye na oge mgbaze nke otu isi ihe na-afụ bụ nkeji 5.Teknụzụ Plasma Transferred Arc (PTA) na-achọkwa otu nkeji 5 ahụ iji nweta ike zuru oke nke elu workpiece (plasma zigara arc).
Foto ndị dị n'okpuru na-egosi nsonaazụ ntụnyere n'etiti usoro abụọ a na ịgbado ọkụ plasma arc (PTA).
Ntụnyere ntụmadị maka mkpuchi nickel na mkpuchi nke dabere na cobalt.Nsonaazụ nke ule na-agba ọsọ n'otu ahịrị mmepụta ahụ gosiri na ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi nke cobalt na-adịru oge 3 ogologo oge karịa ihe mkpuchi nke nickel, na mkpuchi mkpuchi nke cobalt egosighi "mmebi" ọ bụla. Akụkụ nke atọ: Ajụjụ. na azịza banyere ajụjụ ọnụ nke Mr. Claudio Corni, onye Italian ịgba ịgbado ọkụ, banyere zuru ịgba ịgbado ọkụ nke oghere nke oghere.
Ajụjụ 1: Olee otú oké ka ịgbado ọkụ oyi akwa theoretically chọrọ maka oghere zuru ezu ịgba ịgbado ọkụ?Ọkpụrụkpụ Solder Layer na-emetụta arụmọrụ?
Azịza 1: M na-atụ aro na kacha ọkpụrụkpụ nke ịgbado ọkụ oyi akwa bụ 2 ~ 2.5mm, na oscillation amplitude atọrọ ka 5mm;ọ bụrụ na onye ahịa ahụ na-eji uru dị arọ buru ibu, nsogbu nke "njikọ ụkwụ" nwere ike izute.
Ajụjụ 2: Gịnị kpatara na ị gaghị eji nnukwu swing OSC=30mm na ngalaba kwụ ọtọ (akwadoro ịtọ 5mm)?Nke a ọ́ gaghị adị mma karịa?Ọ nwere ihe ọ bụla dị mkpa maka swing 5mm?
Azịza nke 2: M na-akwado ka akụkụ kwụ ọtọ na-ejikwa swing nke 5mm mee ka okpomọkụ dị mma na ebu;
Ọ bụrụ na a na-eji 30mm swing, a ga-edozi ngwa ngwa ịgbasa ngwa ngwa, ọnọdụ okpomọkụ nke workpiece ga-adị elu, na dilution nke isi metal na-adịkwa elu, na ike nke ihe na-ekpuchi ihe furu efu dị elu dị ka 10 HRC.Ihe ọzọ dị mkpa dị mkpa bụ nrụgide na-akpata na workpiece (n'ihi na elu okpomọkụ), nke na-eme ka ohere nke cracking.
Site na ntụgharị nke obosara 5mm, ọsọ ahịrị na-agba ọsọ ngwa ngwa, enwere ike nweta njikwa kachasị mma, a na-emepụta nkuku dị mma, a na-edobe ihe eji eme ihe nke ihe ndochi, na ọnwụ bụ naanị 2 ~ 3 HRC.
Q3: Gịnị bụ mejupụtara chọrọ nke solder ntụ ntụ?Kedu ntụ ntụ solder kwesịrị ekwesị maka ịgbado ọkụ oghere ịgbado ọkụ?
A3: M na-akwado solder powder model 30PSP, ma ọ bụrụ na cracking emee, jiri 23PSP na nkedo ígwè ebu (jiri PP nlereanya na ọla kọpa ebu).
Q4: Gịnị bụ ihe mere ị na-ahọrọ ductile ígwè?Kedu ihe bụ nsogbu iji ígwè nkedo isi awọ?
Azịza nke anọ: Na Europe, anyị na-ejikarị ígwè nkedo nodular, n'ihi na ígwè nkedo nodular (aha bekee abụọ: Nodular cast iron na Ductile cast iron), a na-enweta aha ahụ n'ihi na graphite dị n'ime ya dị n'ụdị spherical n'okpuru microscope;N'adịghị ka akwa akwa ígwè nkedo isi awọ kpụrụ Plate (n'ezie, enwere ike ịkpọ ya nke ọma "iron nkedo laminate").Ndịiche dị otú ahụ na-emepụta ihe na-ekpebi isi ihe dị iche n'etiti ígwè ductile na laminate cast iron: akụkụ ahụ na-emepụta ihe mgbochi geometrical iji gbasaa mgbasa ma si otú ahụ nweta njirimara ductility dị ezigbo mkpa.Ọzọkwa, ụdị okirikiri nke graphite, nke e nyere otu ego ahụ, na-enwe obere ebe dị n'elu, na-akpata obere mmebi nke ihe ahụ, si otú a na-enweta ihe dị elu.N'ịbịaghachi na mbụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na 1948, ductile iron aghọwo ezigbo ihe ọzọ na ígwè (na nkedo ndị ọzọ), na-eme ka ọnụ ala dị ala, ịrụ ọrụ dị elu.
Ọrụ mgbasa ozi nke ductile iron n'ihi njirimara ya, jikọtara ya na njiri dị mfe na nguzogide mgbanwe nke igwe nkedo, oke ịdọrọ / ịdị arọ dị oke mma.
ezigbo igwe
ọnụ ala
Ọnụ otu unit nwere ezigbo nguzogide
Nchikota magburu onwe ya nke tensile na elongation Njirimara
Ajụjụ 5: Kedu nke ka mma maka ịdịte aka na nnukwu ike na ike siri ike?
A5: Usoro dum bụ 35 ~ 21 HRC, ana m akwado iji 30 PSP solder ntụ ntụ iji nweta uru siri ike dị nso na 28 HRC.
Isi ike adịghị emetụta kpọmkwem ndụ ebu, isi ihe dị iche na ndụ ọrụ bụ ụzọ e si ekpuchi elu elu ahụ na ihe eji eme ihe.
Ntuziaka ịgbado ọkụ, n'ezie (ịgbado ọkụ ihe na isi metal) Nchikota nke enwetara ebu adịghị mma dị ka nke PTA plasma, na scratches na-apụtakarị na iko mmepụta usoro.
Ajụjụ 6: Olee otú ime zuru ịgba ịgbado ọkụ nke n'ime oghere?Kedu ka esi achọpụta ma chịkwaa àgwà nke akwa akwa akwa?
Azịza 6: Ana m akwado ịtọ ọsọ ọsọ ntụ ntụ na PTA welder, ọ bụghị karịa 10RPM;malite n'akuku ubu, dobe oghere ahụ na 5mm iji weld beads yiri ya.
Dee na ngwụcha:
N'ime oge mgbanwe teknụzụ ngwa ngwa, sayensị na teknụzụ na-eme ka ọganihu nke ụlọ ọrụ na ọha mmadụ;ịgba ịgbado ọkụ nke otu workpiece nwere ike nweta dị iche iche Filiks.N'ihi na ebu factory, na mgbakwunye na-atụle chọrọ nke ndị ahịa ya, nke usoro kwesịrị iji, ọ kwesịkwara iburu n'uche na-eri arụmọrụ nke akụrụngwa ego, mgbanwe nke ngwá, na mmezi na consumable-akwụ ụgwọ nke e mesịrị eji, na ma akụrụngwa nwere ike ikpuchi ọtụtụ ngwaahịa.Ihe ịrụ ụka adịghị ya na ịgbado ọkụ micro plasma na-enye nhọrọ ka mma maka ụlọ ọrụ ebu.
Oge nzipu: Jun-17-2022